Protein Arrays

Protein arrays address the elucidation of molecular interaction networks in protein complexes and in whole organisms (1, 2). ProtNeteomix has designed a diversity of arrays to study protein-protein, protein-peptide, protein-antibody, protein-nucleic acid, protein-small ligand, and other interactions.

Protein arrays are prepared by spotting purified samples provided by customers. The method has been successfully used to assess the IgE-mediated immune response in blood of allergic children (3). It has also been used to study the efficiency of the arrayed proteins recognition by DNA fragments carrying gene expression regulatory regions (4-5).

Arrays are prepared by using cell-free synthesised bacterial or viral proteins (ORFs). PCR-amplified DNA templates can be used for synthesis, thereby excluding DNA cloning/protein expression steps in cells (6). These arrays are well suited to detect rapidly immunogenic proteins to generate vaccines.

Total protein arrays (known also as reverse phase protein arrays) are prepared by spotting cell lysates or biopsies and compartment-specific protein arrays are prepared by spotting sub-cellular fractions. Streptavidin and especially tyramide-based amplification of near-infrared fluorescent signals significantly improves the detection performance of phosphorylated proteins in cell extracts (7). Such arrays can be used in system biology studies to assess protein expression, or protein phosphorylation and acetylation in numerous laboratory and clinical samples immobilised on the same slide.
 
References:

1. Sakanyan V. J. Chromatography B 815, 77-95 (2005).
2. Snapyan M. and Sakanyan V. In: Functional protein microarrays in drug discovery. Ed. P. Predki, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, p. 309-328 (2007).
3. Gaudin J-C. et al. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 38: 686-693 (2008).
4. Ghochikyan A. et al.  J. Bacteriol. 184, 6602-6614 (2002).
5. Snapyan M. et al. Proteomics 3, 647-657 (2003).
6. Dekthyar M. et al. BMC Bioinformatics 9: 233, doi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-233 (2008).
7. Dupuy L. et al. (in press).

Protein Arrays : A powerful tool to detect molecular interactions

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